10 Foods That Can Cause Miscarriage During Pregnancy

Pregnancy is an incredible journey filled with joy and anticipation, but it also comes with its fair share of challenges and concerns. One of the most devastating experiences for expecting parents is a miscarriage, which can occur for various reasons, including the foods you consume during this delicate time.

A miscarriage, also known as a spontaneous abortion, is the unintentional termination of a pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 10-20% of known pregnancies end in miscarriage.

While some miscarriages can be attributed to genetic or hormonal factors, certain foods and dietary habits can also increase the risk. Understanding which foods to avoid during pregnancy is crucial for ensuring the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing baby.

10 Foods that can cause miscarriage

Undercooked or raw meat

Risk of bacterial infections

Consuming undercooked or raw meat, such as beef, pork, or poultry, can expose you to harmful bacteria like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria. These bacteria can cause foodborne illnesses that can lead to miscarriage.

Foodborne illnesses and miscarriage

Foodborne illnesses like salmonellosis and listeriosis can cause severe dehydration, fever, and other complications that can increase the risk of miscarriage, especially during the first trimester. According to the CDC, these infections can also lead to premature delivery, stillbirth, or life-threatening infections in newborns.

Unpasteurized dairy products

Risk of listeria

Unpasteurized dairy products, such as soft cheeses, raw milk, and certain yogurts, can harbor the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes. This bacteria can cause listeriosis, a serious infection that can cross the placenta and harm the developing fetus.

Symptoms and consequences

Listeriosis can cause fever, muscle aches, and severe complications like premature delivery, miscarriage, stillbirth, or life-threatening infections in newborns. According to the FDA, pregnant women are at a higher risk of contracting listeriosis and experiencing severe consequences.

Raw or undercooked eggs

Salmonella risk

Raw or undercooked eggs can be contaminated with Salmonella bacteria, which can cause salmonellosis, a foodborne illness that can lead to severe diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps.

Effects on pregnancy

Salmonellosis during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage, premature delivery, and low birth weight. The CDC recommends avoiding foods that contain raw or undercooked eggs, such as homemade mayonnaise, hollandaise sauce, and certain salad dressings.

 Alcohol

Impact on fetal development

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can have detrimental effects on fetal development, including an increased risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, and various birth defects collectively known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs).

Recommended guidelines

The CDC and other health organizations recommend that pregnant women avoid alcohol entirely, as there is no safe amount or type of alcohol during pregnancy.

High-mercury fish

Mercury exposure risks

Certain types of fish, such as shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish, can contain high levels of mercury, a heavy metal that can be toxic to the developing fetus.

Safe fish options

The FDA recommends limiting consumption of high-mercury fish and opting for lower-mercury options like salmon, tilapia, and canned light tuna, which can be safely consumed in moderation during pregnancy.

Excessive caffeine

Potential consequences

Consuming excessive amounts of caffeine during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of miscarriage, low birth weight, and preterm birth.

Moderation is key

While moderate caffeine consumption (up to 200 mg per day) is generally considered safe during pregnancy, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends limiting intake from sources like coffee, tea, and sodas.

Unwashed fruits and vegetables

Foodborne illnesses from contamination

Consuming unwashed fruits and vegetables can expose you to harmful bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause foodborne illnesses like toxoplasmosis, listeriosis, and salmonellosis, all of which can increase the risk of miscarriage.

Proper washing techniques

The FDA recommends thoroughly washing all fresh produce under running water, scrubbing firm items like melons and cucumbers with a clean produce brush, and removing any damaged or bruised areas before consumption.

Certain herbs and supplements

Lack of regulation

Many herbs and dietary supplements are not regulated by the FDA, and their safety during pregnancy has not been thoroughly studied.

Consultation with healthcare providers

The ACOG advises pregnant women to consult with their healthcare providers before taking any herbs or supplements, as some may increase the risk of miscarriage or other complications.

Excess vitamin A

Risks of overconsumption

While vitamin A is essential for fetal development, excessive intake through supplements or fortified foods can be harmful, potentially leading to birth defects or an increased risk of miscarriage.

Safe sources and recommended intake

The recommended daily intake of vitamin A for pregnant women is 770 mcg RAE (retinol activity equivalents). Safe sources include milk, eggs, and orange-colored fruits and vegetables.

Artificial sweeteners

Potential risks

While the FDA has approved the use of certain artificial sweeteners like saccharin and aspartame during pregnancy, some studies have suggested a potential link between excessive consumption and an increased risk of miscarriage or preterm delivery.

Safer alternatives

As a precautionary measure, the American Pregnancy Association recommends limiting artificial sweetener intake and opting for natural alternatives like honey or maple syrup in moderation.

Conclusion

Ensuring a healthy pregnancy involves being mindful of the foods you consume and avoiding those that can potentially cause harm to the developing fetus. This includes undercooked or raw meat, unpasteurized dairy products, raw eggs, alcohol, high-mercury fish, excessive caffeine, unwashed produce, certain herbs and supplements, excess vitamin A, and artificial sweeteners.

While it’s crucial to avoid potentially harmful foods, it’s equally important to maintain a balanced and nutritious diet during pregnancy. Consult with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian to ensure you’re meeting the recommended nutrient intake for a healthy pregnancy.

If you have any concerns or questions about specific foods or dietary habits, don’t hesitate to consult with your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized guidance and address any specific risk factors or health conditions that may affect your dietary choices during pregnancy.

FAQs

Is it safe to eat sushi during pregnancy?

While sushi made with cooked fish and vegetable fillings can be safe, it’s best to avoid raw or undercooked fish, as it may contain harmful bacteria or parasites that can increase the risk of foodborne illnesses and complications during pregnancy.

Are there any foods that can prevent miscarriage?

While no specific foods can guarantee the prevention of miscarriage, maintaining a balanced and nutritious diet rich in essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients can support a healthy pregnancy and potentially reduce certain risks.

Can food poisoning cause a miscarriage?

Yes, severe cases of food poisoning, particularly those caused by bacteria like Listeria or Salmonella, can increase the risk of miscarriage, premature delivery, and other complications during pregnancy.

Is it okay to have an occasional glass of wine during pregnancy?

No, it is not recommended to consume any alcohol during pregnancy, as there is no known safe amount. Even occasional or light drinking can potentially harm the developing fetus and increase the risk of miscarriage or birth defects.

How much caffeine is safe during pregnancy?

According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), moderate caffeine consumption (up to 200 mg per day) is generally considered safe during pregnancy. However, it’s best to consult with your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations based on your specific circumstances.